As the rate of non-catalyzed cleavage of RNA to form the same products is ∼10-6 min-1 under similar conditions, an important goal is to understand how the folded structure of this small ribozyme increases the rate of alk. Information about how to use the RightsLink permission system can be found at RNA is proposed as an important biopolymer in early life on the Earth where it would have provided both catalysis and acted as a repository of genetic information [1–4]. We use the models to examine the classical problem information integration in early evolution.Szabo, Peter; Scheuring, Istvan; Czaran, Tamas; Szathmary, EoersThe emergence of functional replicases, acting quickly and with high accuracy, was crucial to the origin of life. Monnard . The self-cleavage reaction was initiated by adding MgClThis decreased rate of self-cleavage of the encapsulated ribozyme may be partly due to the time scale of MgWe confirmed that the 2:1:0.3 MA:GMM:dodecane mixture formed vesicles in the presence of MgWe have shown that vesicles composed of chemically simple amphiphiles can be stable, grow, and retain contents in the presence of sufficient MgOur experiments also illustrate that there are tradeoffs in the search for conditions compatible with both RNA and vesicle replication. and 5 tentatively. pockets on the RNA surface. 0000002223 00000 n The R0 values derived from the obsd. F. Caschera, J. Bernardino de la Serna, P. M. G. Löffler, T. E. Rasmussen, M. M. Hanczyc, L. A. Bagatolli, and P.-A. While the addition of GMM confers stability on MA vesicles, it also causes a decrease in the yield of growth following micelle addition. This observation suggested that the permeation rates for the neutral, polar and charged amino acids are controlled by bilayer fluctuations and transient defects, rather than partition coeffs. We have investigated the conditions under which pH gradients are maintained across the membranes of fatty acid vesicles, a model of early cell membranes. Antoine Diguet, Miho Yanagisawa, Yan-Jun Liu, Elodie Brun, Sacha Abadie, Sergii Rudiuk, and Damien Baigl . Mikhail Zhernenkov, Dima Bolmatov, Dmitry Soloviov, Kirill Zhernenkov, Boris P. Toperverg, Alessandro Cunsolo, Alexey Bosak, Yong Q. Cai. charges of phosphates, either electrostatically or by forming hydrogen bonding networks from waters of solvation. All of these RNAs possess efficient mechanisms for the precise cleavage of monomers from oligomeric replication intermediates. When correctly folded, the hammerhead ribozyme stimulates nearly complete cleavage of the phosphodiester chain at a defined internal site to give 2',3'-cyclic and 5'-OH termini. with the aggregates) is also studied.Berclaz, Nathalie; Mueller, Martin; Walde, Peter; Luisi, Pier LuigiAn investigation of the processes of growth and division of oleic acid/oleate and POPC/oleic acid/oleate vesicles (POPC stands for 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) is presented. fatty acids the particles have been called ufasomes. Recent models of such precellular RNA systems are patterned after the properties of intron-derived ribozymes. higher than the phase transition temp. 0000002031 00000 n The Impact of Salts on Single Chain Amphiphile Membranes and Implications for the Location of the Origin of Life. While transport mechanisms and sequestration within cellular organelles will contribute to this regulation, it is binding of Mg2+ to an as yet poorly defined system of buffers that is largely responsible for detg. Pyrene formed excited state dimers (excimers) in a diffusion-limited reaction which depended on membrane compn., temp., and pyrene concn. The changes in the size distribution of preformed vesicles is then studied by cryotransmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and by using an entrapped protein, ferritin, which, due to its dense iron core, can be detected by cryo-TEM.
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